Exploited Ransomware

CVE-2025-31324

SAP NetWeaver · ERP, business applications and databases

SAP NetWeaver Unrestricted File Upload Vulnerability

At a glance

Exploited. Added to CISA’s catalog of exploited vulnerabilities on April 29, 2025.

Used in ransomware attacks, according to CISA.

Affected product: SAP NetWeaver (category ERP, business applications and databases, indicative classification). Name in CISA’s catalog: SAP NetWeaver.

What should I do?

Apply the patches or mitigations from SAP; if none are available, stop using the product. For cloud services, follow the guidance from SAP.

Deadline set by CISA for US federal agencies: 21 days (due May 20, 2025). It only binds those agencies, but it is a useful measure of urgency.

SAP security advisories page (general page, not the advisory for this vulnerability)
The vendor’s specific advisory is listed in the NVD references: CVE-2025-31324 on the NVD website.

Original text of the required action (CISA)

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Timeline

April 24, 2025 Vulnerability published Publication date (NVD)
April 29, 2025 Exploitation confirmed Added to CISA’s KEV catalog
May 20, 2025 CISA deadline Remediation deadline set for US federal agencies

The facts, with their sources

Exploitation confirmed: Yes, on April 29, 2025 Date added to the catalog of exploited vulnerabilities. Exploitation itself may have started earlier. Source: KEV catalog, collected September 29, 2026 at 14:57 UTC
Ransomware: Known use Source: KEV catalog, collected September 29, 2026 at 14:57 UTC
Hunt for compromise: Not requested by CISA Source: KEV catalog, collected September 29, 2026 at 14:57 UTC
CISA required action: Apply the patches or mitigations from SAP; if none are available, stop using the product. For cloud services, follow the guidance from SAP. Rewritten by this site from CISA’s original text. Source: KEV catalog, collected September 29, 2026 at 14:57 UTC
CISA deadline: May 20, 2025, 21 days Set for US federal agencies: a measure of urgency, not an obligation elsewhere. Source: KEV catalog, collected September 29, 2026 at 14:57 UTC
Vulnerability published: April 24, 2025 Source: National Vulnerability Database (NVD), collected September 29, 2026 at 15:00 UTC
Product according to CISA: SAP NetWeaver Filed by this site under “ERP, business applications and databases” (indicative classification). Source: KEV catalog, collected September 29, 2026 at 14:57 UTC
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Technical detail of the score: attack vector, complexity, impact. Source: National Vulnerability Database (NVD), collected September 29, 2026 at 15:00 UTC

Severity and activity

9.8 / 10 CVSS severity: critical

Score from the NVD. Collected Sep 29, 2026.

— Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS)

FIRST’s EPSS model. Since exploitation is already confirmed, this figure is mostly useful to compare activity. Collected Sep 29, 2026.

Description

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is not protected with a proper authorization, allowing unauthenticated agent to upload potentially malicious executable binaries that could severely harm the host system. This could significantly affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the targeted system.

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader contains an unrestricted file upload vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated agent to upload potentially malicious executable binaries.

Summary from CISA (KEV catalog).

CERT-FR advisories

CERTFR-2025-ALE-005: Vulnérabilité dans SAP NetWeaver (updated June 24, 2025)

Information reused under the Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab); the date of last update is shown for each advisory. This site is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by ANSSI.

Sources for this page

CISA KEV catalog: exploitation, date added, required action, deadline, ransomware.
NVD (NIST): CVSS severity, publication date, description, vendor references.
EPSS (FIRST): probability of exploitation.
CERT-FR: advisories and alerts (in French).
Brand and category: indicative classification by this site (method).